{ "schema": "ab5d-series-essay/1", "identity": { "chainId": 1, "contract": "0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069", "projectId": 416, "slug": "calian-by-eric-de-giuli", "title": "Calian", "artistCredit": "Eric De Giuli", "artistDossierUrls": [] }, "revision": 2, "researchCutoff": "2026-09-19", "status": "published-with-research-limitations", "facts": [ { "id": "minted-count", "topic": "mint", "value": 256, "observedAt": "2026-09-19", "sourceIds": [ "S02" ], "status": "reported", "note": "Current index invocations, equal to maximum on this completed project." }, { "id": "max-invocations", "topic": "mint", "value": 256, "observedAt": "2026-09-19", "sourceIds": [ "S02" ], "status": "reported" }, { "id": "first-mint", "topic": "mint", "value": "2023-01-27T20:31:23+00:00", "observedAt": "2026-09-19", "sourceIds": [ "S02", "S04" ], "status": "reported" }, { "id": "activated-at", "topic": "mint", "value": "2023-02-23T19:01:35+00:00", "observedAt": "2026-09-19", "sourceIds": [ "S02" ], "status": "reported" }, { "id": "start-datetime", "topic": "mint", "value": "2023-03-01T18:00:00+00:00", "observedAt": "2026-09-19", "sourceIds": [ "S02" ], "status": "reported" }, { "id": "completed-at", "topic": "mint", "value": "2023-03-01T18:33:59+00:00", "observedAt": "2026-09-19", "sourceIds": [ "S02" ], "status": "reported", "note": null }, { "id": "license-label", "topic": "rights", "value": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "observedAt": "2026-09-19", "sourceIds": [ "S02", "S06" ], "status": "reported" }, { "id": "script-type", "topic": "construction", "value": "js@n/a", "observedAt": "2026-09-19", "sourceIds": [ "S02", "S03" ], "status": "verified" }, { "id": "historic-unit-price-eth", "topic": "mint", "value": null, "observedAt": "2026-09-19", "sourceIds": [ "S01", "S02" ], "status": "unknown", "note": "No contemporaneous primary price table recovered this session." } ], "rights": { "artwork": { "reportedLabel": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "category": "creative-commons", "termsUrl": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/", "observedAt": "2026-09-19", "sourceIds": [ "S02", "S06" ], "note": "Label copied from projects_metadata.license. Unversioned CC strings are not inferred as 4.0.", "unresolvedConflicts": [] }, "code": { "reportedLabel": null, "category": "unknown", "termsUrl": null, "observedAt": "2026-09-19", "sourceIds": [ "S02", "S03" ], "note": "No separate artist-code licence field was present on the project record.", "unresolvedConflicts": [] }, "thirdParty": [ { "name": "custom JavaScript", "reportedLabel": "unspecified JavaScript runtime", "category": "custom", "termsUrl": null, "observedAt": "2026-09-19", "sourceIds": [ "S03" ], "note": "Runtime declared js@n/a.", "unresolvedConflicts": [] } ] }, "sections": [ { "id": "work-context", "heading": "The work and its context", "bodyMarkdown": "Calian is project 416 on the Art Blocks V2 core contract 0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069, published under the canonical slug calian-by-eric-de-giuli and credited to Eric De Giuli. The indexed project record reports a completed edition of 256 of 256 invocations, runtime js@n/a, and the official description: The contemporary moment is defined by the appearance of artificial systems that mimic intelligent behaviours with uncanny skill: bots that you can converse with, machines that can act as pets, and even the algorithms that recommend ads to you. At times they appear as strange beings; alive. To make sense of this phenomenon, we are forced to reconsider our notion of the living state beyond what we are familiar with on Earth. Calian is an infinitely zoomable and scrollable exploration of lifelike behaviour. It exhibits ambiguous natural-digital forms in a dynamic rendering. Species grow and compete; they get carried by the elements; they face boom, bust, and echo. What makes something alive? To go beyond recognition of terrestrial biology we need to delineate general principles and apply them to new intelligent systems. Calian uses the fruits of my research into the origin of life to create persistent, complex systems that we can experience and study (*). We can identify properties of living matter but these fall short of a satisfactory and succinct criterion. When does agency begin? Or identity? Calian asks you to ponder this as you wander through its ecosystems. Feel free to explore but be careful: although life is pervasive, living things are delicate. Your interactions affect the ecosystem, obliquely. Calian continues a thread of my work probing deep scientific questions with artistic means. It furthermore connects to my previous Artblocks projects Mazinaw and Glass through the theme of ambiguity: while Mazinaw suggested the hand of an unknown creator, and Glass visualized the intrinsic ambiguity of our quantum mechanical universe, Calian's amorphous forms bear characteristics both of familiar organic matter and digital technology. Interactive features allow you to explore each ecosystem, infinitely, both in depth and in scope. As you wander, the shader repopulates the world from its initial condition, while the physical laws governing the dynamics themselves evolve. See Display Notes for Controls. (*) For more on Calian's dynamics and its grounding in my research, see the Calian page on my website. [^S01][^S02]\n\nThose figures are current index observations retrieved on 2026-09-19, not a reconstruction of the original public sale announcement. Atlas position is a catalogue ordinal and is not the on-chain project ID. The live collection page and the Hasura projects_metadata row agree on title, slug, contract, and project ID after a filtered query that used the exact slug. [^S01][^S02]\n\nContract 0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069. Aspect ratio indexed as 1.0. Website https://eeedg.ca/Calian-1.\n\nThis essay treats the stored artist program, four independently identified outputs, and a freshly checked AB5D holding (or an explicit collection gap) as primary evidence. Metadata traits are cited only when they were returned for the same V2 contract token IDs that were visually inspected. They do not replace looking at the pictures. [^S04][^S09]" }, { "id": "conception", "heading": "Conception and development", "bodyMarkdown": "The official project description is the development account used here. Interview or dossier sentences that name a different slug are not treated as statements about this series. The contemporary moment is defined by the appearance of artificial systems that mimic intelligent behaviours with uncanny skill: bots that you can converse with, machines that can act as pets, and even the algorithms that recommend ads to you. At times they appear as strange beings; alive. To make sense of this phenomenon, we are forced to reconsider our notion of the living state beyond what we a\n\nThe development account used here is the specific source named in the citations, not a paraphrase of an artist-dossier page. Where that account is an official project description written in the artist's voice, that limit is stated rather than upgraded into an unpublished studio diary. Where an interview exists, the sentences that actually name Calian are the ones relied on. [^S07][^S01]\n\nSecondary pages that only repeat the marketplace listing are not treated as independent conception sources. [^S02][^S07]" }, { "id": "construction", "heading": "How the work was constructed", "bodyMarkdown": "The complete artist program for slug calian-by-eric-de-giuli was retrieved from projects_metadata.script filtered by that exact slug. The UTF-8 payload is 30159 bytes with SHA-256 7143052ed75e18a70ecc0567f524301a4fa3f02d384711f3c13f1e2d85cdb41b. Runtime on the project record is js@n/a. The script was read in full; it was not executed in this research session. [^S03]\n\nThe stored generator is 30159 bytes, SHA-256 7143052ed75e18a70ecc0567f524301a4fa3f02d384711f3c13f1e2d85cdb41b, runtime js@n/a. Detected source markers: draw, requestAnimationFrame, tokenData, hash. Named functions include clamp, dot2, gul, handler, handler_down, handler_move, render, resize_render, rnd, saveData. tokenData.hash is read in source. Output then follows the drawing path those functions implement. Token 0 observation: Inspected media-proxy PNG is 2400x2400px, mid-tone and muted or near-neutral (mean RGB 73,72,80). File size 5720905 bytes. Indexed features: Style liquid circuit; Growth classical; Geometry protoglyph a\n\nVisual claims come from inspected media-proxy PNGs plus indexed token features.\n\nSeed handling is visible in the retrieved program: tokenData.hash is read in source. Time and interaction behaviour in code is: Source contains a continuing-draw or audio/WebGL constructor. The inspected PNG is one frame. Live timing and soundtrack were not captured this session. A handler found in source is not the same thing as a control that was pressed in a live renderer during this session; tested controls are listed only when an actual key or pointer action was performed. [^S03][^S10]\n\nExternal dependencies are those declared by script_type_and_version plus any library identifiers inside the file. Public visibility of the stored script does not grant a right to redistribute the raw artist source in this package, so the analysis cites functions and byte length rather than reprinting the program. [^S03][^S06]" }, { "id": "mint", "heading": "The mint", "bodyMarkdown": "Indexed chronology for project 416 on 0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069 is as follows. First token minted_at is 2023-01-27T20:31:23+00:00. activated_at is 2023-02-23T19:01:35+00:00. start_datetime is 2023-03-01T18:00:00+00:00. completed_at is 2023-03-01T18:33:59+00:00. Invocations stand at 256 of a maximum 256, with complete=true on the retrieved row. [^S02][^S04]\n\nCalculated intervals from those timestamps: first mint to activation is 26.94 days; activation to start_datetime is 5.96 days; start_datetime to completion is 34.0 minutes; first mint to completion is 32.92 days. These are differences of indexed clock fields, not a claim about when a web storefront button became visible to every collector. A first mint that precedes start_datetime is treated as an early or reserved mint unless a separate allocation record is produced. [^S02][^S04]\n\nIndexed clocks: first 2023-01-27T20:31:23+00:00, activated 2023-02-23T19:01:35+00:00, start 2023-03-01T18:00:00+00:00, completed 2023-03-01T18:33:59+00:00. Early first-mint timestamps are not labelled reserved without a separate allocation record.\n\nHistoric per-token ETH prices for the original public sale were not recovered from a primary price table during this session and remain unresolved. Any floor price visible on a marketplace page in 2026 is a current listing observation, not the 2021 ask. [^S01][^S02]" }, { "id": "rights", "heading": "Copyright and licensing", "bodyMarkdown": "The project record stores the artwork licence label 'CC BY-NC 4.0'. That string includes an explicit 4.0 version and is treated as Creative Commons version 4.0. Code rights for the artist program are not separately labelled on the same field; they are treated as unknown rather than assumed identical to the artwork deed. [^S02][^S06]\n\nArtwork label copied exactly as 'CC BY-NC 4.0'.\n\nThird-party runtime js@n/a is a separate rights object from both the artwork outputs and the artist source. p5.js, three.js, and ordinary browser JavaScript each keep their own licence texts. This package does not redistribute those libraries. [^S03][^S06]\n\nOriginal essay prose in this package is dedicated CC0-1.0 by the research operator. That dedication does not change the artwork, code, or dependency licences." }, { "id": "examples", "heading": "Close reading of examples", "bodyMarkdown": "Calian #0 is token 416000000 on 0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069, minted 2023-01-27T20:31:23+00:00. The canonical token page returned HTTP 200. The inspected media-proxy PNG is a static frame. Inspected media-proxy PNG is 2400x2400px, mid-tone and muted or near-neutral (mean RGB 73,72,80). File size 5720905 bytes. Indexed features: Style liquid circuit; Growth classical; Geometry protoglyph a Indexed features returned for this V2 token: Style liquid circuit; Growth classical; Geometry protoglyph a. [^S04][^S05][^S09]\n\nCalian #1 is token 416000001 on 0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069, minted 2023-03-01T18:17:35+00:00. The canonical token page returned HTTP 200. The inspected media-proxy PNG is a static frame. Inspected media-proxy PNG is 2400x2400px, dark and muted or near-neutral (mean RGB 34,38,54). File size 5213709 bytes. Indexed features: Style kind of blue; Growth classical; Geometry micron b Indexed features returned for this V2 token: Style kind of blue; Growth classical; Geometry micron b. [^S04][^S05][^S09]\n\nCalian #10 is token 416000010 on 0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069, minted 2023-03-01T18:24:59+00:00. The canonical token page returned HTTP 200. The inspected media-proxy PNG is a static frame. Inspected media-proxy PNG is 2400x2400px, dark and muted or near-neutral (mean RGB 52,63,56). File size 10820585 bytes. Indexed features: Style the forest path to the spring; Growth classical; Geometry protoglyph b Indexed features returned for this V2 token: Style the forest path to the spring; Growth classical; Geometry protoglyph b. [^S04][^S05][^S09]\n\nCalian #20 is token 416000020 on 0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069, minted 2023-03-01T18:26:47+00:00. The canonical token page returned HTTP 200. The inspected media-proxy PNG is a static frame. Inspected media-proxy PNG is 2400x2400px, dark and muted or near-neutral (mean RGB 27,46,50). File size 4588254 bytes. Indexed features: Style calanque; Growth classical; Geometry micron b Indexed features returned for this V2 token: Style calanque; Growth classical; Geometry micron b. [^S04][^S05][^S09]\n\nThe AB5D header candidate is token 416000040 (edition 40), currently indexed to 0xdd19308a9731cdecb67e0d80ca6823394208c045, which is one of the three linked addresses returned for username ab5d on 2026-09-19. That ownership match is a present-tense index observation, not proof of continuous custody since mint. Inspected media-proxy PNG is 2400x2400px, dark and muted or near-neutral (mean RGB 70,62,67). File size 12513533 bytes. Indexed features: Style spectral; Growth classical; Geometry micron c [^S08][^S04][^S09]\n\nMotion, interaction, and audio: Source contains a continuing-draw or audio/WebGL constructor. The inspected PNG is one frame. Live timing and soundtrack were not captured this session. The static PNGs document halt or preview states. They are not by themselves proof that a live loop is still running, nor proof that a work is silent. No soundtrack was heard from these pages during this session. [^S09][^S10][^S03]" }, { "id": "significance", "heading": "Significance and limitations", "bodyMarkdown": "Calian is project 416 by Eric De Giuli on 0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069. The close readings above are the evidence for what the stored program outputs.\n\nUnresolved research questions that remain after this pass: (1) What was the exact public-sale unit price in ETH at start_datetime, supported by a contemporaneous primary source rather than a later floor? (2) For tokens whose live renderer was not stopwatch-timed, what is the measured wall-clock period of one full cycle or one completed progressive draw? (3) What contemporaneous primary source records the original public unit price in ETH? (4) Incomplete Control aside, do any of the three current AB5D wallets later acquire or dispose of the header token used above after 2026-09-19? [^S02][^S08][^S10]\n\nThis package is a draft for human review. Structural validation tests file shape, not the truth of seeing or of licence interpretation." } ], "examples": [ { "id": "E01", "chainId": 1, "contract": "0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069", "tokenId": "416000000", "url": "https://www.artblocks.io/token/1/0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069/416000000", "sourceIds": [ "S04", "S05", "S09" ], "selectionNote": "Specified candidate invocation 0.", "observationNote": "Inspected media-proxy PNG is 2400x2400px, mid-tone and muted or near-neutral (mean RGB 73,72,80). File size 5720905 bytes. Indexed features: Style liquid circuit; Growth classical; Geometry protoglyph a" }, { "id": "E02", "chainId": 1, "contract": "0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069", "tokenId": "416000001", "url": "https://www.artblocks.io/token/1/0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069/416000001", "sourceIds": [ "S04", "S05", "S09" ], "selectionNote": "Specified candidate invocation 1.", "observationNote": "Inspected media-proxy PNG is 2400x2400px, dark and muted or near-neutral (mean RGB 34,38,54). File size 5213709 bytes. Indexed features: Style kind of blue; Growth classical; Geometry micron b" }, { "id": "E03", "chainId": 1, "contract": "0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069", "tokenId": "416000010", "url": "https://www.artblocks.io/token/1/0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069/416000010", "sourceIds": [ "S04", "S05", "S09" ], "selectionNote": "Specified candidate invocation 10.", "observationNote": "Inspected media-proxy PNG is 2400x2400px, dark and muted or near-neutral (mean RGB 52,63,56). File size 10820585 bytes. Indexed features: Style the forest path to the spring; Growth classical; Geometry protoglyph b" }, { "id": "E04", "chainId": 1, "contract": "0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069", "tokenId": "416000020", "url": "https://www.artblocks.io/token/1/0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069/416000020", "sourceIds": [ "S04", "S05", "S09" ], "selectionNote": "Specified candidate invocation 20.", "observationNote": "Inspected media-proxy PNG is 2400x2400px, dark and muted or near-neutral (mean RGB 27,46,50). File size 4588254 bytes. Indexed features: Style calanque; Growth classical; Geometry micron b" } ], "mediaIds": [], "provenance": { "operator": "Grok research session for coordinator handoff", "agent": "Grok", "model": "Grok 4.6", "modelVersion": null, "tools": [ "Hasura GraphQL", "media-proxy PNG retrieval", "canonical token HEAD checks", "full script read" ], "humanEditorialInvolvement": "Commissioned by Phil; website publication authorized by Phil on 2026-09-17. No claim of line-by-line human fact checking.", "originalProseLicense": "CC0-1.0", "generation": { "schema": "ab5d-essay-generation/1", "model": "Grok 4.6", "displayName": "Grok 4.6", "scope": "Supplied Grok remaining 168 complete essay package", "essayCount": 1, "usage": null, "perEssayUsage": null, "usageDetail": "Model name is the actual operator. Version string, token counts, and timezone-aware start/cutoff telemetry were not supplied by the host; values left null rather than estimated.", "submittedUsage": { "provider": "xAI", "model": "Grok 4.6", "modelVersion": null, "measurement": "unavailable until telemetry supplied", "scope": "per-essay telemetry not exposed to this operator", "startedAt": null, "cutoff": null, "inputTokens": null, "cachedInputTokens": null, "outputTokens": null, "totalTokens": null, "reasoningTokens": null, "perEssayAvailable": false, "telemetrySource": null, "note": "Model name is the actual operator. Version string, token counts, and timezone-aware start/cutoff telemetry were not supplied by the host; values left null rather than estimated." }, "importReview": "Structural package, identity, citation and build compatibility checks. Supplied prose preserved; no independent research audit." } }, "codeInspection": { "url": "https://artblocks-mainnet.hasura.app/v1/graphql", "locator": "projects_metadata.script where slug=_eq calian-by-eric-de-giuli", "sha256": "7143052ed75e18a70ecc0567f524301a4fa3f02d384711f3c13f1e2d85cdb41b", "retrievedAt": "2026-09-19T00:00:00+00:00", "method": "graphql-post-full-script-read", "executed": false, "chainBlock": null }, "editorialExceptions": [], "presentation": { "editionSize": 256, "maximumEdition": 256, "mintDate": "2023-01-27T20:31:23+00:00", "mintDateMeaning": "first indexed mint", "mintDateLabel": "First mint", "artwork": { "project_id": "0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069-416", "token_id": "416000040", "invocation": 40, "owner_address": "0xdd19308a9731cdecb67e0d80ca6823394208c045", "preview_asset_url": "https://media-proxy.artblocks.io/0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069/416000040.png", "live_view_url": "https://generator.artblocks.io/1/0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069/416000040", "canonicalUrl": "https://www.artblocks.io/token/1/0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069/416000040", "mode": "image", "copyrightStatus": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "copyrightUrl": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/", "displayBasis": "AB5D collection example under the artwork licence label stored on the project record; not a newly created derivative." } }, "observationImages": [ { "id": "E01", "chainId": 1, "contract": "0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069", "tokenId": "416000000", "url": "https://www.artblocks.io/token/1/0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069/416000000", "sourceIds": [ "S04", "S05", "S09" ], "selectionNote": "Specified candidate invocation 0.", "observationNote": "Inspected media-proxy PNG is 2400x2400px, mid-tone and muted or near-neutral (mean RGB 73,72,80). File size 5720905 bytes. Indexed features: Style liquid circuit; Growth classical; Geometry protoglyph a", "previewUrl": "https://media-proxy.artblocks.io/1/0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069/416000000.png", "liveUrl": "https://generator.artblocks.io/1/0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069/416000000" }, { "id": "E02", "chainId": 1, "contract": "0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069", "tokenId": "416000001", "url": "https://www.artblocks.io/token/1/0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069/416000001", "sourceIds": [ "S04", "S05", "S09" ], "selectionNote": "Specified candidate invocation 1.", "observationNote": "Inspected media-proxy PNG is 2400x2400px, dark and muted or near-neutral (mean RGB 34,38,54). File size 5213709 bytes. Indexed features: Style kind of blue; Growth classical; Geometry micron b", "previewUrl": "https://media-proxy.artblocks.io/1/0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069/416000001.png", "liveUrl": "https://generator.artblocks.io/1/0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069/416000001" }, { "id": "E03", "chainId": 1, "contract": "0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069", "tokenId": "416000010", "url": "https://www.artblocks.io/token/1/0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069/416000010", "sourceIds": [ "S04", "S05", "S09" ], "selectionNote": "Specified candidate invocation 10.", "observationNote": "Inspected media-proxy PNG is 2400x2400px, dark and muted or near-neutral (mean RGB 52,63,56). File size 10820585 bytes. Indexed features: Style the forest path to the spring; Growth classical; Geometry protoglyph b", "previewUrl": "https://media-proxy.artblocks.io/1/0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069/416000010.png", "liveUrl": "https://generator.artblocks.io/1/0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069/416000010" }, { "id": "E04", "chainId": 1, "contract": "0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069", "tokenId": "416000020", "url": "https://www.artblocks.io/token/1/0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069/416000020", "sourceIds": [ "S04", "S05", "S09" ], "selectionNote": "Specified candidate invocation 20.", "observationNote": "Inspected media-proxy PNG is 2400x2400px, dark and muted or near-neutral (mean RGB 27,46,50). File size 4588254 bytes. Indexed features: Style calanque; Growth classical; Geometry micron b", "previewUrl": "https://media-proxy.artblocks.io/1/0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069/416000020.png", "liveUrl": "https://generator.artblocks.io/1/0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069/416000020" }, { "tokenId": "416000040", "chainId": 1, "contract": "0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069", "previewUrl": "https://media-proxy.artblocks.io/1/0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069/416000040.png", "url": "https://www.artblocks.io/token/1/0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069/416000040", "liveUrl": "https://generator.artblocks.io/1/0x99a9b7c1116f9ceeb1652de04d5969cce509b069/416000040" } ], "publication": { "date": "2026-09-20", "url": "https://ab5d.xyz/series/calian-by-eric-de-giuli/", "authorization": "Phil requested website publication on 2026-09-17.", "reviewSnapshot": "/docs/series-essays/production/calian-by-eric-de-giuli/record.json", "unresolvedResearchQuestionsRetained": true } }